What is Pelvic Organ Prolapse?

Pelvic organ prolapse is caused when the pelvic organs such as the bladder, uterus, or bowel sag due to weakened or damaged supporting tissues like fascia and ligaments. These organs are held in place within the pelvis by these structures, as well as by pelvic floor muscles, which provide support from below. If the pelvic floor muscles weaken, they may no longer effectively support these organs, resulting in a prolapse.

Causes of Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Pelvic organ prolapse can have several causes, including:

Childbirth: During childbirth, the supporting tissues and pelvic floor muscles can stretch and tear, especially with a long labor, difficult delivery, or large baby.
Chronic Coughing: Persistent coughing puts pressure on the pelvic floor, increasing the risk of prolapse.
Constipation and Straining: Straining to empty the bowels can weaken pelvic support over time.
Heavy Lifting: Occupations or activities that involve frequent heavy lifting can contribute to pelvic floor weakness.
Obesity: Excess body weight puts pressure on the pelvic organs.
Hysterectomy: Removal of the uterus may affect pelvic support and lead to prolapse in some cases.

Common Symptoms of Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse may vary but commonly include:

A noticeable bulge or lump around the vaginal entrance
A feeling of heaviness or dragging sensation in the pelvic area
Difficulty emptying the bladder or bowel
Discomfort or reduced sensation during intercourse
Slow urine flow or trouble starting urination

Symptoms can fluctuate and are often worse toward the end of the day but may improve after lying down.

How Can Physiotherapy Help with Pelvic Organ Prolapse?

Physiotherapy offers several effective treatments for managing pelvic organ prolapse symptoms:

Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercises: Strengthening the pelvic floor muscles helps provide better support for the pelvic organs.
Lifestyle Changes: Identifying and addressing contributing factors, such as reducing heavy lifting or managing constipation, can help prevent the prolapse from worsening.
Bladder and Bowel Management: Physiotherapists can teach techniques to empty the bladder and bowels without straining or increasing pressure on the pelvic organs.
Pessary Fitting: A pessary is a silicone device inserted into the vagina to support the pelvic organs, offering a non-surgical option for prolapse management.

If you’re experiencing symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse, our Pelvic Health Physiotherapy team is here to provide specialised support. Contact us today to learn how physiotherapy for pelvic organ prolapse can help improve your quality of life and symptom management.