Gross Motor Developmental Delay
A gross motor developmental delay means a child is not reaching the large-movement milestones (rolling, sitting, crawling, standing, walking, jumping, running) within the expected age range. Our paediatric physiotherapists assess each child individually and use structured, play-based therapy to build the strength, coordination, and confidence they need to catch up.
Understanding Motor Milestones
Children develop at their own pace, but there are typical windows for key skills:
- Rolling: Around 4-6 months
- Sitting unsupported: Around 6-8 months
- Crawling: Around 7-10 months
- Pulling to stand / cruising: Around 9-12 months
- Independent walking: Around 12-18 months
- Running, jumping, stairs: 2-3 years
A delay is suspected when several milestones are consistently late, or when progress stalls.
Signs to Watch For
In Babies and Toddlers
- Floppy or stiff body when held
- Not pushing up during tummy time
- Late sitting, crawling, or pulling to stand
- Strong preference for one side of the body
- Not bearing weight through the legs
In Older Children
- Frequent tripping and falling
- Difficulty running, jumping, or climbing stairs
- Trouble with ball skills (catching, kicking, throwing)
- Tires quickly during physical play
- Avoids playground or sporting activities
Possible Causes
- Prematurity or low birth weight
- Low muscle tone (hypotonia)
- Developmental coordination disorder (DCD)
- Genetic or neurological conditions
- Reduced opportunity for movement and play
- Often no identifiable cause
Assessment
Our physiotherapists complete a thorough, child-friendly assessment:
- Developmental history: Pregnancy, birth, and milestone timeline
- Movement observation: How your child moves during natural play
- Strength and tone testing: Identifying weakness or low tone
- Standardised screening: Age-appropriate developmental measures
- Functional goals: What you and your child want to achieve
Physiotherapy Treatment
Play-Based Therapy
- Therapeutic games targeting specific skills
- Obstacle courses for coordination and strength
- Ball activities for motor planning
- Music and movement for rhythm and timing
Developmental Activities
- Tummy time and floor-play programs for infants
- Promoting proper crawling and transition patterns
- Balance and stability training
- Functional strengthening through purposeful play
Family Education
- Simple home exercise programs
- Positioning and play setup advice
- Activity ideas that fit into daily routines
Early Intervention Matters
The earlier we start, the better the outcomes. Many children with motor delays make significant gains once they receive targeted therapy, and early support helps prevent frustration and reduced participation later on.
- Birth to 3 years: Critical window for development
- NDIS early intervention: Registered provider for funded support
- Family-centred care: Working closely with parents and carers
Expected Outcomes
With consistent, play-focused physiotherapy, most children:
- Reach key motor milestones
- Build strength, balance, and coordination
- Gain confidence to join in active play and sport
- Improve independence in everyday activities
